Smoking cigarettes, cigars, or pipes
Chewing tobacco, snuff, or betel quid
Accounts for nearly 80% of oral cancer cases
Even vaping may irritate tissues — long-term risks still being studied
2. Heavy Alcohol Use
Drinking alcohol regularly increases risk
Combined with tobacco? The danger multiplies by up to 30x
3. HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
HPV type 16 is linked to oropharyngeal cancer (back of throat, base of tongue)
Now responsible for over 70% of oropharyngeal cancers
Often affects younger, non-smoking adults
✅ The HPV vaccine helps prevent infection — recommended for teens and young adults
4. Sun Exposure
Increases risk of lip cancer, especially on the lower lip
Farmers, fishermen, outdoor workers are more vulnerable
️ Use SPF lip balm and wear hats
5. Poor Diet
Low intake of fruits and vegetables linked to higher risk
